And fbancis a



'7 Sheets-#Sheet 1 CAR ROOF Jam 18 1927 T. H. WILLlAMs E'r A1.

Filed May 31 Jan. 18, 1927.

T. H. WILLIAMS ET AL CAR ROOF Filed May 31 1923 7 Sheetsl-Sheet 2 IMHH Jan- 18 1927 T. H. WILLIAMS ET AL CAR ROOF Filed Mav 31 1923 '7 Sheets-Sheet :5.

s) hm N.)

Jan. 1s, 1927. 1,615,105

T. H. WILLIAMS ET AL GAR ROOFv Filed Mav 5l 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 24 .ZZv ff' 26 Jan. 18,1927.

l T. H. WILLIAMS ET AL CAR ROOF Filed May 3l 1923 7SheetS-Sheet Jan. 18 ,"1927.

1,615,105 T. H. WILLIAMS Er Al.

CAR RooF Filed May 5l 1923 '7 Sheets-Sheet '7 Ill) Patented Jan. 1S, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THERON H. WILLIAMS, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND FRANCIS A. JACOBS, OF WARREN, OHIO, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO CHICAGO-CLEVELAND CAR ROOF- ING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

CAR ROOF.

Application filed May 31,

The invention relates to what are known as rigid all-steel car roofs, it being understood that wood may be employed in some cases for certain of the frame elements.

The invention has for its principle objects to lessen the cost ot the root as an entirety, and to simplify the construction oit the same and reduce the cost of applying it to the roof frame; also to enclose by the root sheets all of the frame-fastening devices; also to Vunite the root sheets rigidly and immovably with the carlinesi so that the sheets will not be subject to tearing under strain. i

V'Tith such objects in view, as well as other advantages which may be incident to the use et the improvements, the invention consists in the parts and combinations thereoi1 hereinafter set -torth and claimed, with the understanding that the several necessary elements constituting the same may be varied in proportions and arrangement without depart-ing from the nature and scope of the invention.

In order to make the invention more clearly understood there are shown in the ac companying drawings means for carryingthe same into practical effect, without lim-- iting the improvements, in their useful applications, to the particular constructions which, for the purpose ot' explanation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In said drawings- Figure 1 is a plan view ot a rigid steel car-root embodying the invention, certain et the parts being broken away for the purpose ot reducing the length of the figure. and oit' better showing some ot the underlying parts.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation, looking endwise ot the root, ot one ot the end roof sheets.

Fig. 3 a plan view of the same.

Fig. 4- is a cross section on line 1l-4 of Fig. 3.

l CJ lines.

Fig. 6 is a sido elevation ot the same.

Fig. 7 is a plan view oi one ot the intermediate root sheets. i

Fig. 8 is a cross section of the same on line 8 8 olf Fig. 7.4

is a plan view ot one ot thc car- 1923. Serial No. 642,397.

Fig. 9 is an end view partly in section, of one corner ot the root, illustrating one ot the corner cover plates.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view ot the said corner ot the roof, also illustrating said. cover plate and contiguous parts, the end root sheet being partly broken away.

Fig. 11 is a vertical section on a plane longitudinal of the car illustrating the construction at or near the ridge oit' the root, the same being taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 12 is a similar section taken on line 1212 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view ot one of the clamps taken on line 13-13 ot Fig. 14.

Fig. 14 is a side elevation oit the saine.

Fig. 15 is an elevation, showing one of the roof sheets and the ridge pole in section, illustrating the construction at.' and near the ridge of the root, the view being taken on line 15 5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 1G,L is a vertical sectional view on line lf3-1G ot Fig. 1 showing the connection ot' one ot' the carlines with a purlin.

Fig. 17 a similar section on line 17u17 of Fig. v15.

Fig. 1S is a vertical section on line 18,18 of Fig. 1, and on a larger scale, and illus trating the attachment of the end ot the carline to the steel side plate.

Fig. 19 is a similar view on line 19-19 of Fig. 1 illustrating the attachment ot the eaves edge ot the root sheet to said plate.

Fig. 2() is a vertical sectional view on line 20-20 of Fig. 18.

Fig. 21 is a vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 18, but illustrating the application ot the root to a wooden side plate.

Fig. 22 is a side elevation ot the same.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the side plates of the roof frame. These are ordinarily or preferably of steel, but may be of wood as shown at 1a in Fig. 21. In the former case the side plate is or may bc an angle iron having a vertical web 2 and a top flange 3, the latter somewhat inclined to correspond with the pitch of the root. Attached to the side plates 1 are end plates 4, which may be of steel of angle sha e, as shown in plan view at the left end o Fig.

1 formed with a top flange 5 and vertical web 6, theends 7 of the latter (Fig. 1) being bent into parallelism with and riveted to the webs 2 of the side plates.

AThe carlines are indicated at 8 and are of steel of inverted channel shape, formed with top webs 9, side webs 10 and outstanding bottom flanges 11 (Fig. 17). These carlines extend from side of the roof and are secured at their ends to the flanges 3 of the side plates by rivets 12 (Fig. 18) or by bolts 12a (Fig. 21), passing down through the widened ends 13 of the flanges 11 (Fig. 1).

The contour of the carlines from end to end is suitably arched or hipped to give the desired shape to the roof, and their webs 10 are downwardly inclined and flared away from each other.

The carlines may carry and be strengthened by sheet-supporting purlins 14: and a ridge pole 15, these parts being` preferably but not necessarily of wood. The purlins are attached at their ends to the flanges 5 of the end plates by bolts 16 (Fig. 1), and to the -webs 9 of the carlines by bolts 17 (Figs. 1 and 16).

The ridge pole is similarly attached to the carlines by bolts indicated at 18 (Figs. 1 and 15) and to the end plates by bolts 19. An end fascia inay be used as shown at 2l (Figs. 1 and 10); and with wooden side plates a side fascia 25 (Figs. 21 and 22).

Such being the preferred or a suitable structure of roof frame, the sheets or plates to be fitted and secured thereon*J to malte the roof sheathing will now be described.

Y The roof sheathing consists of a series of intermediate roof sheets 20, each extending between, engaging and supported by a pair of the carlines, and of end sheets 21 similarly covering the spaces from the end plates to the end carlines. These sheets, each eX- tending` across the car from side plate to side plate, lap over one another shingle fashion, proceeding from one end of the roof to the other, and one of the end sheets under-laps its contiguous intermediate sheet and the other end sheet over-laps its contiguous sheet. Fach intermediate sheet 2O is bent along' one of its -edges, to form a channel 22 which embraces and fits a carline; and is similarly bent along its other edge to form 'a channel 23 which embraces and fits outside of a channel 22 of the neXt sheet when the latter is in place on a carline (Fig. 17). The over-lapping channels 23 are consequently, if the lsheets be shaped to the best advantage, a little wider than the und`er-lapping channels 22, by

' about twice the thickness of the metal of which the sheets are made. Each of said roof 'sheet channels flares downwardly to correspond with the said vshape of the car-V line side webs 10, and from end to end,

across the roof is shaped to fit the arched or other contour of the carline (Fig. 2). The end sheets are similarly formed along one edge only, with a channel (Fig. 3), one end sheet having an under-lapping channel 22 and the other an over-lapping channel 23. Along these channels and at a little distance therefrom the bodies of the roof sheets are upwardly bent, recessed or embossed, as shown at 26, for a distance equal to the thickness of the carline flanges 11, so as to enclose said flanges and also have the under surfaces of their main portions at the level of the under sides of the cai-lines, and in contact with the tops of the side plates; and with the ridge pole and purlins when the last mentioned elements are comprised in the roof frame. It may be here stated that by making the roof sheets of thicker metal, of self-supporting strength,

the ridgepole or purlins or both may be dis-V pensed with, and the invention is not limited, in all of its applications, to the use therewith of a ridge pole or of purlins or of both of said frame elements.

In a roof of this rigid character, and especially when purlins or ridge pole or both are dispensed with, it is of great importance to secure the roof sheets to the carlines by an attachment of a strong and unyielding charaeter, and which will not cause disruption of the'roof sheets at the points of attachment when strains are imposed on the sheets; and for these objects it is further preferable to attach the roof sheets to the carlines at points near the general level of the roof. The present invention obtains these results to a materially improved degree and by improved means, as will now be described. 29 indicates the roof sheet clamps (Figs. 13 and 14) formed of metal having suiiicient resiliency to yield a little so as to apply the securing pressure gradually and evenly and yet so as not to release the roof sheets by any pull of the latter. These clamps, which are of greater rigidity than the roof sheets and thus provide for firmly clamping the latter' to the carlines, are formed to embrace the carlines, and the channels 22, 23 of the roof sheets thereon, by jaw elements 30 connected by a top part 31. rEhe inner faces of the `iaw elements or sides 30 of the clamps diverge downwardlyY somewhat more acutely than the sides of the cooperating carlines, thereby enabling the roof sheets to be securely clamped to the carlines near the gen eral level of the roof. rlhe top of the clamp 29 is formed with a bolt perforation 32 which latter is or may be surrounded by an upward einbossment 33 of lthe top. rlhe manner of application of these clamps is shown best in Figs. 11 and 12. In these two figures the clamps are essentially the same, the securing bolts 34E in Fig. 11 being elongated upwardly and provided With top nuts Cal 62 which extends through an end bracket part 63 of the cover plate and into the end fascia. ThisV cover plate closes an interstice in the construction caused mainly by the flanges 7 of the end plate passing under the flange 3 and the top flange 5 of the end plate being arranged at a level with the top of the side plate, and the cover plate prevents any rain being dashed into the interior of the car in heavy storms.

It is thought that the invention and many of its attendant advantages will be understood from the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, or sacrificing any of its material advantages, to form hereinbefore described being merely a preferred embodiment thereof.

What is claimed isl. In a rigid steel carroof, the combination of carlines, roof sheets having parts arranged against the sides of the carlines, and wedging means for forcing said parts of the roof sheets towards the sides of the carlines so as to rigidly clamp said sheets to the carlines. f

2. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines', roof sheets having parts arranged against the sides of the carlines, and wedging means for forcing said parts of the roof sheets towards the sides of the carlines 'at points near the general level of the roof so as to rigidly clamp said sheets to the carlines.

3. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines, roof sheets having parts arranged against the sides of the carlines, and wedging clamps embracing the carlines and said parts of the roof sheets for forcing the latter towards the lower portions of the sides of the carlines so as to rigidly clamp the roof sheets thereto.

4L. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines, roof sheets having parts embracing the carlines, and wedging means for forcing said parts of the roof sheets iinmovably against the lower portions of the sides of the carlines so as to rigidly clamp the roof sheets thereto.

5. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines having their lower parts wider than their Lipper parts, roof sheets having interfitting upstanding channels which embrace the carlines, and clamping means pressing downwardly relative to the carlines for forcing the channel yparts of the roof sheets towards the sides of the carlines to thereby clamp the roof sheets to the carlines.

6. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines upstanding above the general level of the roof, and having their lower parts wider than their upper parts, roof sheets having upstanding channels which embrace the carlines, and clamping means pressing downwardly relative to the carlines for wedging said channels of the roof sheets towards the two opposite sides of the carlines to thereby clamp the roof sheets to the carlines.

7. In a rigid steel car roof, the combination of carlines having upwardly tapering sides, roof sheets having parts embracing the entire sides and top of the carlines, downwardly Haring clamps embracing the said parts of the roof sheets and the carlines within the same, and means for forcing the clamps towards the carlines and tightly against one of the roof sheets to unite said sheets rigidly and immovably with the carlines.-

8. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines, roof sheets having parts arranged against the sides of the carlines, means for pressing said parts of the roof sheets towards the sides of the carlines at points near the general level of the roof revolving bolts having shoulders both above and below said pressing means and extending to the undersides of the carlines.

9. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines, roof sheets having parts embracing the sides of the carlines, and clamps embracing the carlines and said parts of the roof sheets and holding the latter rigid with respect to the sides of the carlines, and bolts extending from said clamps through perforations in the roof sheets to the under sides of the carlines, said bolts having enlargements for wedging. into said perforations.

10. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines having upwardly tapering sides, roof sheets having parts embracing the carlines, downwardly flaring clamps embracing the said parts of the roof sheets and the carlines within the same, and boltsv extending from said clamps to the under sides of the carlines for forcing the clamps towards the carlines for securing the lower' portions of the said parts of the roof sheets rigidly and immovably with the carlines.

1l. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of carlines, roof sheets having parts embracing the carlines, clamps operating at the two opposite sides of the carlines for rigidly clamping said parts of the roof sheets to the sides of the lower half of the carlines, bolts extending from said clamps through said parts of the roof sheets and through the carlines7 and compressible means between the top parts of the clamps and said parts of the roof sheets .for holding down said parts.'

12. In a rigid steel car-roof, the combination of a roof frame, upwardly projecting fastening devices connectingthe elements of said frame, and roof sheets laid lon and sellt) cured to said frame and formed with upward registering embossments enclosing the upwardly projecting parts oi' said iframe-fastening devices.

13. ln a rigid all steel car root in combination: side plates; inverted channeled shaped carlines having a substantially l'lat top web and downwardly extending outwardly flaring sides terminating in lateral flanges; root sheets extending across the car from side plate to side plate, and secured thereon, the sides ot said root sheets terminating in upwardly projecting side flanges ot inverted channel torni, said side lianges being :termed similarly to the inverted chane nel portion of said carlines to lit over said channeled portion in lapped formation so that each ot said side flanges encloses the entire inverted channeled portion oft said carlines, and wedging means for forcing the channel parts of the roof sheets towards the carlines to secure the root' sheets rigidly thereto.

111. ln a rigid steel car-roof, the combination or' carlines, roof sheets having parts embracing the carlines, wedging devices for rigidly clamping said parts o' the root sheets to the carlines and detachable means tor adjustably forcing said devices towards the carlines.

15. In a rigid steel car-root, the combination of carlines, root sheets having parts arranged against the sides oit the carlines, and means for wedging said parts ot the root sheets into rigid clamped relation with the sides of the carlines involving bolts eX- tending vfrom the said means to the undersides of the carlines.

16. A rigid steel roof for railway cars involving carlines, clamps embracing said car lines, each ot said elements having diverging sides, root sheets having portions interposed between the carlines and clamps, and means i'or 'forcing the clamps downwardly tow rds 'the carlines, the divergence of the sides of the clamps being than that or" the carlines, and the clamps being so 'formed and arranged that upon being moved downward ly they will secure the root sheets rigidly to the carlines.

17. A rigid steel car root for railway cars involving carlines, substantially rigid clamps embracing said carlines, each oi said elements having downwardly diverging sides, root sheets having portions interposed between the clamps and carlines, the interposed portions ot the root sheets being less rigid than the clamps, and means 'for torcing the clamps downwardly towards the carlines to clamp the roof sheets securely to the latter.

18. In a rigid steel. rool for railway cars, the combination of carlines having downwardly diverging sides, substantially rigid clamps embracing the carlines having downn wardly divcrging sides, and roof sheets having portions interposed between said carlines and clamps, the interposed portions of the said sheets being o1 less rigidity than the clamps, the divergence of the sides ot' the clamps being less than that of the sides of the carline so that the clamps upon being forced downwardly will clamp the said portions oi" the root sheets rigidly to the carlines.

19. A rigid steel rooill for railway cars involving carlines having diverging sides, roof sieets having overlapping portions embracing the carlines, clamps having diverging sides embracing the said overlapped portions oi' the sheets, and means i'or :forcing the clamps downwardly towards the carlines, the divergence of the sides or the clamps being less than that of the carlines, and the clamps being so formed and arranged that upon being moved downwardly they will secure the roof sheets rigidly to the carlines.

20. A rigid steel rootl for railway cars involving carlines having downwardly diverging sides, roof sheets having overlapping portions embracing the carlines, clamps having downwardly diverging sides embracing the said overlapped portions of the sheets,

the carline embracing portions of the root' sheets being less rigid than the clamps, and means for forcing the clamps downwardly towards the carlines to clamp the sheets securely to the carlines.

21. A rigid steel roof for railway cars involving carlines having downwardly diverging sides, roof sheets having overlapping portions embracing the carlines, substantially rigid clamps having downwardly Haring sides embracing the said overlapped portions of the sheets, the carline embracing portions ot the roof sheets being of less rigidity than the clamps, and means for forcing the clamps downwardly towards the` carlines, the divergence ol' the sides of the clamps bc ing less than that oi the sides ot the carlines so that the clamps upon being forced downwardly will secure the said portions or the root sheets rigidly to the carlines.

22. A rigid steel root Yto: railway cars involving carlines having downwardly diverging sides, root sheets having overlapping portions embracing the carlines, clamps ar ranged over the said overlapped portions ot the sheets and having oppositely downwardly diverging sides in engagement with one oft the overlapped sheets, and means `for l'orc` ing the clamps downwardly towards the carlines, the divergence of the sides ot the clamps being less than that of the sides ot the carlines, and the clamps being so formed and arranged that upon being forced downwardly they will secure the said portions ot the root sheets rigidly to the carlines adjacent the main level of the roof.

23. A rigid steel roof for railway ears involving carlines having downwardly diverging sides, roof sheets having overlapping portions embracing the earlines, clamps having downwardly flaring sides embracing the said overlapped portions of the roof sheets, the rigidity of each of the clamps being greater than the combined rigidity of the overlapping portions of the roof sheets underlying the clamp, and means for forcing said' clamps downwardly to clamp the said portions oli the sheets securely to the carlines.

24. rigid steel ea'r root for railway ears involving a Vearline having oppositely disposed sides, roof sheets having portions arranged in overlapped relation on the earline, and a member for securing the said sheets to the earline, said member having a stud, the overlapping portions of the rooi' sheets having registering apertures to receive said stud, one of said apertures being bounded by a marginal flange, said stud having a tapered portion firmly engaging the flange of said last named aperture when the seeuring member is in assembled position.

25. A rigid steel roof for railway ears involving a carline having oppositely disposed sides, roof sheets having portions arranged in overlapped relation on the carline, and a member for securing the said sheets to the earline, said member having a stud, the overlapping portions or' the sheets having registering apertures to receive the said stud, said stud having a longitudinally tapered portion adapted to engage the bounding wall oi one of said apertures when the securing member is in assembled position.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands'.

THERON H. VILLIAMS. FRANCIS A. JACGBS. 

